Evaluation of Tithonia diversifolia as a potential ingredient in animal feed

Abstract

Objective: To develop a sustainable solution for controlling the invasive plant Tithonia diversifolia by evaluating its compositional and phytochemical properties for potential use as feed for fattening sheep. Methodology: Tithonia diversifolia was collected and its three components (leaf, flower, and stem) were dehydrated. Their nutritional composition, polyphenol content, and antioxidant activity were assessed. Results: The leaves and flowers exhibited the highest protein content, at 8.58% and 10.35% respectively. The stem had the highest total carbohydrate content (82.23%) and lignin (48.56%). In terms of bioactive compounds, the leaves had a greater total phenolic content (99.42 mg EAG/100 g) compared to the stems and flowers. Conversely, the stems (77.47%) and flowers (74.54%) demonstrated greater antioxidant capacity than the leaves (60.79%). Conclusions: The carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, lignin, minerals, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activity present in the invasive plant Tithonia diversifolia indicate its viability as feed. The flowers and leaves provide protein, while the stem has an important amount of fiber, which are attractive for use as animal food.